Here we describe a tripodal motif that binds multivalently to graphene through three. Good solvents and nonsolvents for the dried reduced graphene. In this chapter, the controlled functionalization of graphene layers with a derivative of. Graphene and singlewalled carbon nanotubes swnts are new low dimensional carbon allotropes discovered in recent decades. Graphene, as one of the most promising new materials, has a wide range of applications in biosensors, supercapacitors and catalysts.
Simultaneous reduction and functionalization of graphene. This study reports the synthesis and characterizations of a new kind of functionalized graphene. Functionalization of graphene using deep eutectic solvents. Graphene is the worlds strongest and most conductive 2d material that is set to revolutionize entire industries. Noncovalent interactions of graphene and graphene oxide 5466 3. Covalent bond graphene functionalization becomes an essential enabler to open the energy gap in graphene and extend graphene applications in electronics, while the densely packed. Herein, dynamic covalent assembly is reported that directs the functionalization of graphene surfaces at liquidliquid interfaces. The functionalization evidence is highlighted using xray photoemission spectroscopy xps, scanning tunneling microscopy stm, scanning xray photoelectron microscopy spem or angle resolved photoemission. Controlled functionalization of graphene layers intechopen. Functionalization of graphene and fewlayer graphene films. Graphene sheets were stably dispersed in water by functionalization with sulfonated polyaniline spani, and the composite film of spanifunctionalized graphene showed improved electrochemical stability and enhanced electrocatalytic activity.
The effect of cu surface orientation on the reactivity of graphene was explored through a reductive transformation. Graphene is a oneatomthick twodimensional 2d sheet of sp 2hybridized carbon that is tightly packed into a honeycomb lattice and is known to be the worlds thinnest, strongest, and stiffest material, fig. Suppression of protein adsorption on a graphene surface by phosphorylcholine functionalization yoshiaki taniguchi, tsubasa miki, yasuhide ohno, masao nagase, yukihiro arakawa, yasushi imada, keiji minagawa, and mikito yasuzawa graduate school of advanced technology and science, tokushima university, 21 minamijousanjima, tokushima 7708506, japan. Functionalization and solubilization of graphene scitechnol. Abstractalkylaminefunctionalized graphene oxides fgos have superior dispersibility in lowpolar. Deepshikha saini synthesis and functionalization of.
Chemical functionalization and application of graphene and. Effect of copper substrate surface orientation on the. This makes graphene fairly chemically inert on the basalplane but not on the edge atoms. The functionalization evidence is highlighted using xray photoemission spectroscopy xps, scanning tunneling microscopy stm, scanning xray photoelectron microscopy spem or angle resolved photoemission spectroscopy arpes. The structural alteration can take place at the edges andor on a b c e d figure 2.
Functionalization of graphene using deep eutectic solvents maan hayyan1,2, ali abohamad1,3, mohammed abdulhakim alsaadi1,4 and mohd ali hashim1,3 abstract deep eutectic solvents dess have received attention in various applications because of their distinctive properties. A variety of nanostructures of carbon and inorganic nanomaterials possessing different dimensionalities have been synthesized and characterized in the last few years. Graphene is an interesting substrate for the immobilization of inorganic nanoparticles. Since its rediscovery in 2004 through mechanical exfoliation using the scotchtape method from inexpensive graphite, this new material has gained tremendous attention. This book is a comprehensive guide to graphene technology, industry and market. Download fulltext pdf download fulltext pdf functionalization of polyallylamine on graphene oxide conference paper pdf available december 2016 with 104 reads. Nano express open access functionalization of graphene using deep eutectic solvents maan hayyan1,2, ali abohamad1,3, mohammed abdulhakim alsaadi1,4 and mohd ali hashim1,3 abstract deep eutectic solvents dess have received attention in various applications because of their distinctive properties. Additionally, the functional groups present within go permit both covalent and noncovalent chemical functionalization, in particular with polymeric materials.
Among the substrates tested, only cu111 led to the efficient, fast and uniform functionalization of graphene, as demonstrated by. Recent advances in the functionalization of graphene g and graphene oxide go using classical coordination complexes, as well as. Meanwhile, after the successive functionalization of graphene derivatives, they are loaded with common hydrophobic drugs such as doxorubicin dox and paclitaxel ptx. Pdf chemical functionalization of graphene mikhail. Although the research on functionalization of graphene. Mar 20, 2011 the reaction sequence that we have developed for the first wet chemical bulk functionalization of graphene is depicted in fig.
Selective electrochemical functionalization of the graphene. China 2department of physics, tsinghua university, beijing 84, p. Chisholm, jaekwang lee, junjie guo, zhiqing yang, s. Functionalization of graphene by other carbon nanostructures introduction graphene c60 nanocomposites graphene cnt hybrid nanostructures graphene. Chemical functionalization of graphene nanoribbons by. The dispersion of metal nanoparticles on graphene sheets potentially provides a new way to develop catalytic, magnetic, and optoelectronic materials. It is shown that, as a rule, 100% coverage of graphene by complex functional groups in contrast with hydrogen and fluorine is unreachable. This book compiles all current information on the different types of functionalization of carbon nanotubes cnts and graphene, both covalent and noncovalent. Chemical functionalization of graphene with defects. Synthesis and functionalization of 3d nanographene materials. Graphene has got considerable attention in both experimental and theoretical fields for its extraordinary properties. This handbook provides detailed and uptodate overviews of the synthesis and functionalization of graphene on various substrates metallic and. We present a versatile and simple method using electrochemistry for the exclusive functionalization of the edge of a graphene monolayer with metal nanoparticles or polymeric amino groups.
May 28, 2014 the elemental analysis was further used to confirm the covalent functionalization of go with dda. The installation of a diene moiety into a nonplanar molecular structure to form cisconformation enables a rapid. Graphene is fascinating the scientific world because of its remarkable electronic, physical, chemical, and mechanical properties placing it on the top list of materials of technological interest. Graphene functionalization strategies from synthesis to. Depending on the goal of product utilities, the number of functional. The change in chemical compositions of the magnetic graphene after each functionalization was further determined by xps characterization. Covalent functionalization is an efficient strategy to render graphene additional properties and overcome its shortcomings such as zero band gap and nondispersibility in solvents. Surface functionalization of graphene with polymers for. Graphene is a zero band gap material, implying that an energy band gap around the dirac point is supposed to be open to make graphene applicable as a semiconductor.
Challenges remain in realizing controllable, scalable surface. Download product flyer is to download pdf in new tab. Effect of functionalization of graphene nanoplatelets on. In section 3 we discussed, using hydrogenation as an example, three main principles of chemical functionalization of graphene.
The attachment of metal nanoparticles allows us to exploit surfaceenhanced raman scattering to characterize the chemistry of both the pristine and the. Their functionalization is a way to modify electronic and crystal structure of graphene which may be important for graphene based nanoelectronics. The following changes in the properties of films upon. Covalent bulk functionalization of graphene nature chemistry. Although substrate composition can influence the chemical reactivity of graphene, substrate lattice orientation provides a valuable alternative.
Graphene info is proud to present the graphene handbook. Download functionalization of graphene by vasilios georgakilas pdf. Controlled functionalization of graphene layers is one of the most important research objectives in the material chemistry. Functionalization of graphene handbook of carbon nano. An aqueous dispersion of reduced graphene was prepared by chemical reduction of graphene oxide in aqueous media and was vacuum filtered to generate reduced graphene sheets. It is therefore not surprising that the covalent functionalization of graphene involves mostly reactive substances that can form covalent adducts with the sp2 structure of. The method for graphene functionalization from fg is much more efficient than the functional graphene from eg. The covalent functionalization of graphene on substrates. Two molecules, corresponding to 7hydroxy azido coumarin azc and 3,4dihydroxybenzoic acid dhba were covalently conjugated to the surface of go. Surface functionalization of graphenebased materials. Selected functionalization of continuous graphene fibers for integrated energy conversion and storage. Effects of the alkylamine functionalization of graphene oxide. Hydrogenation and fluorination have been experimentally demonstrated to be effective in changing the hybridization state of carbon atoms and opening a bandgap from 2.
Noncovalent functionalization of graphene with end. We will also analyze how graphene properties are affected by derivatization. Author links open overlay panel yao yao tian lv ning li zilin chen chi zhang tao chen. The possibility of the controlled modification of the properties of graphene and fewlayer graphene significantly extends the scope of their potential applications. Next post download the tyranny of the twoparty system by lisa disch pdf. Using hydrogenated graphene as a model system, general principles of the chemical functionalization are formulated and discussed. Chemical functionalization is a promising approach to controllably manipulate the characteristics of graphene.
Pdf chemical functionalization of graphene with defects. Read or download functionalization of graphene pdf. Covalent graphene functionalization for the modification. Noncovalent functionalization of graphene and graphene. Among the substrates tested, only cu111 led to the efficient, fast and uniform functionalization of graphene, as. Graphene oxide is an oxygen derivative of graphene decorated with different oxygen functionalities on the surface as well at the edges of the monolayers. The reaction sequence that we have developed for the first wet chemical bulk functionalization of graphene is depicted in fig. Driving forces for noncovalent functionalization of graphene and graphene oxide 5469 3. Functionalization of graphene handbook of carbon nano materials. This book covers different aspects of graphene functionalization strategies from inorganic oxides and organic moieties including its preparation, design and characterization techniques and assembles the information and knowledge on graphene functionalization by different techniques. Click and patterned functionalization of graphene by diels.
More details of graphene functionalization via covalent bonds will be discussed below. Noncovalent functionalization of graphene sheets by. This article is from nanoscale research letters, volume 9. Selected functionalization of continuous graphene fibers. How do the electrical properties of graphene change with. Multifunctionalization of magnetic graphene by surface. Here, we designed cisdienes, featuring two dihydronaphthalene backbones, to decorate a graphene surface via dielsalder da click reaction.
Covalent functionalization of graphene being highly inert and thermally stable, graphene requires highenergy processes to rehybridize its. Aug 15, 2010 graphene has received a great deal of attention in fundamental and applied research. Functionalization of graphene oxide for the production of. Request pdf functionalization of graphene functionalization of graphene volume 21 issue s3 m. Functionalization of graphene with nitrile groups by. They have attracted attention because of their unique features from the standpoint of new science and engineering applications. Singlelayer graphene is a newly available conductive material ideally suited for forming welldefined interfaces with electroactive compounds. Stable dispersion of reduced graphene in various organic solvents was achieved via noncovalent functionalization with amineterminated polymers. The initial step is the reduction of graphite with solvated electrons. Several of these nanostructures are found to have properties of utility with potential applications. Functionalization of graphene for nanodelivery of drugs.
The functionalization or doping of graphene aims at tuning its electronic properties by opening a energy gap, main challenge for possible electronic applications. Manipulating their characteristics using wetchemistry methods holds distinctive value, as it provides a means towards scaling up, while not being limited by yield. Surface functionalization of graphene based materials by akshay mathkar graphene based materials have generated tremendous interest in the past decade. Gnps were modified with aminopropyltriethoxysilane aptes, vinyltrimethoxysilane vtms, and triton x100, and then the pristine gnps and functionalized gnps were individually incorporated into the. Gnps were modified with aminopropyltriethoxysilane aptes, vinyltrimethoxysilane vtms, and triton x100, and then the pristine gnps and functionalized gnps were individually incorporated into the sr. Synthesis and functionalization of 3d nanographene. The graphene handbook was written by ron mertens, founder and editorinchief of graphene info. The utilization of grown or deposited graphene on solid substrates offers key benefits for functionalization processes, but especially to attain structures with a high level of control for electronics and smart materials.
Since its rediscovery in 2004 through mechanical exfoliation using the scotchtape method from inexpensive graphite, this new material has gained tremendous. Effect of functionalization of graphene nanoplatelets on the. Apr 11, 2017 read or download functionalization of graphene pdf best physical chemistry books some applications of the variation of hydrogen overvoltage with the pressure 1919en3s. Since the isolation of graphene in 2004, 1 interest in harnessing its unique properties has led to intense effort directed toward assembling graphene into threedimensional, monolithic structures that retain the properties of individual graphene sheets. My thesis is focused on the chemical functionalization and applications of these new materials. Although covalent functionalization of graphene will compromise some of its natural conductivity, this method is still valuable in some cases when graphene s other properties are desirable.
The chemical functionalization of graphene oxide go has attracted a great deal of attention because of its wide application 912, such as optical limiting property, energy conversion 14, biosensing systems 15,16, gas separating. The growth behavior and the structure of gr aphene on a ni111 single crystal surface was. Deepshikha saini synthesis and functionalization of graphene. Functionalization of graphene and applications of the. Graphene oxide go has been longconsidered the most convenient route towards the large scale production of graphene. A well established procedure is the oxidation with strong acids and oxidizing agents often in harsh and dangerous reaction conditions giving products of unknown precise structure. This study investigated the effect of silane and surfactant treatments of graphene nanoplatelets gnps on the mechanical and thermal properties of silicone rubber sr composites. Heatinitiated chemical functionalization of graphene. Specifically, the use of graphene for the fabrication of chemically modified electrodes, the preparation of chemical power sources, catalyst and. Therefore, the surface functionalization in graphene can significantly change its physical and chemical properties, such as bandgap opening and piezoelectricity engineering, etc. In this work, dess were used as functionalizing agents for graphene.
Edge functionalization of graphene and 2d ccops although graphene has been demonstrated as an attractive candidate for energy applications due to its special structure and unique properties, it is rare for graphene based materials with desirable bulk properties to also possess the necessary surface. Functionalization of graphene for biosensorapplications. Jan 28, 2016 heatinitiated chemical functionalization of graphene. Pdf functionalization of polyallylamine on graphene oxide. Interestingly, the electronhole puddles in turn in. Functionalization of graphene for efficient energy. This concept consisting on covalent functionalization with specific molecules, which can enhance the catalytic activity of peroxidases, has now been extended to graphene oxide.